About
This site
I have studied yoga in the West since 2003, but have missed the connection between the poses of the “exercise class” and yoga’s larger practice. I learned poses arrive without their stories, breath techniques without their physiology, and a smattering of philosophy without its sources. The Living Practice began as my own answer to that gap: my study notebook, built in public, where every claim about the practice is traced back to something that can be read, checked, and questioned.
The Living Practice follows yoga’s eight limbs. The yamas are read with their sutras and the stories that teach them. The asana pages map pose families to the muscles that move them on the muscle diagram. Under the Banyan Tree matches stories from the Vedas with the poses and sequences that carry them. The breath, meditation, and dharana pages pair traditional instruction with the peer-reviewed literature. Scripture links go to primary sources such as Vedabase and the Valmiki Ramayana, and research links go to the journals themselves. A site-wide glossary gathers the Sanskrit terms used across these pages in one place.
Dr. Ally Krupar · Rooted Action
I am a researcher. My work sits at the intersection of education, participatory action research, and communities affected by crisis, and it has appeared in peer-reviewed journals and books globally. That work carries over to this site: I want to know the source, find the evidence, be transparent about what is uncertain, and remember that the people the practice is meant to serve are its first authority.
I am also a yoga student in the middle of my teacher training. I am completing all 500 hours within two years, because when I dive into a subject, I want to know all of it immediately. The pace is quick but it also motivated me to build this site to better understand everything I was learning. Everything on this site is built as part of that training, which means it is a record of learning in motion. I want to know where I get it wrong, and there is a form at the bottom of every page for exactly that.
Rooted Action
Rooted Action is the umbrella for this work: the place where my research practice and my movement practice meet. The name says the method. Action that serves people grows from roots, from evidence, from tradition honestly engaged, and from the communities in which a practice lives. Under it sit The Living Practice, my work bringing movement and contemplative practice into education settings, and the research that keeps both honest.
On the use of AI
The structure of this site was completely developed by AI. The content came from me, my teachers, researchers and publications cited across the site. AI provides us the shape but it can’t give us any new knowledge. Check the reference material on each page and below to find the source material. Any AI generated images will eventually be replaced with human generated graphics as resources are available to pay designers.
Reference materials, by page
Every page includes reference materials but this is the whole shelf in one place. I am a student and a researcher and I will always show you where my claims come from so you can weigh them yourself. For the tradition itself, go to the sources linked throughout these pages and to teachers within living lineages. For medical questions, go to a clinician.
Two rules govern the shelf. Books link to their publisher, and texts link to a freely published edition; nothing is hosted here, because most of it is under copyright and hosting it would be theft. And a link only appears if I have opened it. Where I have a book but no verified publisher page, the entry sits here without a link rather than with a plausible-looking guess.
Yama: the guiding principles ethics
- Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, Book 2 · Sacred Texts, public domain
- Bhagavad Gita · Vedabase, verse by verse
- Valmiki Ramayana · Sanskrit and English
- White, The Yoga Sutra of Patanjali: A Biography · Princeton University Press
- Sovatsky, review essay on White · J. Transpersonal Psychology
- Adele, The Yamas & Niyamas · On-Word Bound Books
- Barkataki, Embrace Yoga’s Roots · Ignite Yoga and Wellness Institute
- Johnson, Skill in Action · Shambhala
- Soundararajan, The Trauma of Caste · North Atlantic Books
- Weng et al. 2013: compassion training and altruism · Psychological Science
- Dunn, Aknin & Norton 2008: spending on others · Science
- Sahdra et al. 2010: measuring nonattachment · J. Personality Assessment
- From Yama to Samyama · International Journal of Yoga
Under the Banyan Tree: the stories 13 stories
- Srimad Bhagavatam, all twelve cantos · Vedabase
- Valmiki Ramayana
- The Mahabharata, Ganguli translation · Sacred Texts
- The Markandeya Purana, containing the Devi Mahatmya · Wisdomlib
- Rig Veda I.154: Vishnu’s three steps
- Balkaran, The Stories Behind the Poses · Leaping Hare Press
- Mookerjee, Kali: The Feminine Force · Destiny Books
- Bedi, Awaken the Slumbering Goddess · author’s page
- Bedi, Path to the Soul · Weiser Books
- Ashok Bedi: Jungian psychology and Hindu myth
- C.G. Jung Institute of Chicago: Ashok Bedi
Muscle Diagram: anatomy anatomy + marma
- Kaminoff & Matthews, Yoga Anatomy · Human Kinetics
- Long, Scientific Keys Vol. 1 & 2 · Bandha Yoga
- Coulter, Anatomy of Hatha Yoga · Body and Breath
- Swanson, Science of Yoga · DK
- Clark, Your Body, Your Yoga
- Myers, Anatomy Trains
- Sushruta Samhita: the 107 marma · Wisdomlib
- Mallinson & Singleton, Roots of Yoga · Penguin Classics
Breath: pranayama 33 techniques
- Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Pancham Sinh translation · Sacred Texts
- Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Chapter 2: on pranayama · Wisdomlib
- Gheranda Samhita · Wisdomlib
- Iyengar, Light on Pranayama · HarperCollins
- Rosen, The Yoga of Breath · Shambhala
- Rama, Ballentine & Hymes, Science of Breath · Himalayan Institute
- Saraswati, Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha · Yoga Publications Trust, Bihar School
Meditation 30 practices
- Kabat-Zinn, Full Catastrophe Living · Bantam, the MBSR sourcebook
- Brach, Radical Acceptance · Bantam
- Brach: the RAIN practice
- Chödrön, When Things Fall Apart · Shambhala, tonglen
- Patrul Rinpoche, The Words of My Perfect Teacher · Shambhala
- Brahm, Mindfulness, Bliss, and Beyond · Wisdom Publications, jhana
- Goleman & Davidson, Altered Traits · Avery
- Kornfield, A Path with Heart; The Wise Heart · Bantam
- Nhat Hanh, The Miracle of Mindfulness · Beacon Press
- NCCIH (NIH): meditation and mindfulness
- Gotink et al. 2015: standardised MBIs in healthcare · PLOS ONE
- Hölzel et al. 2011: how does mindfulness meditation work?
- Liebmann et al. 2023: three meditation-based training programs, RCT
Introspect: pratyahara interoception
- Yoga Sutras II.54–55, Johnston translation · Sacred Texts
- Bhagavad Gita 2.58, the tortoise verse · Vedabase
- Gheranda Samhita · Wisdomlib
- Iyengar, Light on Yoga, Part I on the eight limbs (pratyahara) · HarperCollins
- Himalayan Institute: Pratyahara
- Khalsa et al. 2018: interoception and mental health, a roadmap · Biol Psychiatry CNNI
- Farb et al. 2015: interoception, contemplative practice, and health · Frontiers in Psychology
- Mehling et al. 2018: the MAIA-2 · PLOS ONE
- Treves et al. 2025: meditation training and self-reported interoception, meta-analysis · Scientific Reports
- Bornemann et al. 2015: contemplative training and interoceptive awareness · Frontiers in Psychology
- Koncz et al. 2023: yoga and objective interoceptive accuracy, a null result · Biologia Futura
- Alam et al. 2024: perception and practice of the eight limbs · J Family Med Prim Care
- Craig 2002: interoception defined · Nat Rev Neurosci, paywalled
Peace: samadhi absorption
- Yoga Sutras, Johnston translation · Sacred Texts
- The jhanas · Access to Insight
- Kesarcodi-Watson 1982: Samādhi in Patañjali’s Yoga Sūtras · Philosophy East and West, JSTOR
- Perera 2024: samādhi in Buddhism and Yoga philosophy · Anveṣanā, open access
- Prabhavananda & Isherwood, The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali · Vedanta Society of Southern California
- Swami Rama, Samadhi: The Highest State of Wisdom · Himalayan Institute
- Brahm, Mindfulness, Bliss, and Beyond · Wisdom Publications, jhana
- Kozasa et al. 2008: Siddha Samadhi Yoga for anxiety and depression, preliminary study · Psychological Reports, paywalled
The Divine refuge & oneness
- Brach, Radical Acceptance · Bantam; the refuge passage, pp. 174–176
- Brach, True Refuge · Bantam
- Lion’s Roar: taking refuge in the Three Jewels
- The Isha Upanishad · Shlokam
- Stanford Encyclopedia: Advaita Vedanta
- Plum Village: the Order of Interbeing
- Bedi, Awaken the Slumbering Goddess; Path to the Soul
- Yogananda, Autobiography of a Yogi · Self-Realization Fellowship; a devotional first-person account, testimony rather than evidence
Ayurveda the sister science
- D. Wujastyk, The Roots of Ayurveda · Penguin Classics; the scholarly entry point
- Charaka Samhita · Wisdomlib
- Sushruta Samhita · Wisdomlib
- Ashtanga Hridayam · Wisdomlib
- Lad, Ayurveda: The Science of Self-Healing · Lotus Press
- Lad, Textbook of Ayurveda · The Ayurvedic Press
- Tiwari, The Path of Practice · Ballantine
- Stillman, Body Thrive · Sounds True; dinacharya
- Frawley, Yoga and Ayurveda · Lotus Press
- Wujastyk & Smith (eds.), Modern and Global Ayurveda · SUNY Press
- Langford, Fluent Bodies · Duke University Press
- D. Wujastyk, Well-Mannered Medicine · Oxford University Press
- D. Wujastyk (ed.), Indian Alchemy · Oxford; the rasa shastra history
- NCCIH (NIH): Ayurvedic medicine, effectiveness and safety
- Prakriti assessment tools and their scientific validity · 2025 critical review
- Prasher et al.: genome expression and constitutional types
- Breeher et al. 2015: lead poisoning among consumers of Ayurvedic medicine
- Chrononutrition: meal timing and metabolic health